USPSTF: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer (2022)

Tier 1: Established: peer-reviewed research or government health authority
Publisher: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (final recommendation statement, June 21, 2022) · Published: September 13, 2026 · Accessed: September 13, 2026

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Claims this source supports

• The USPSTF recommends against the use of beta carotene or vitamin E supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer (grade D).
• The USPSTF concludes the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of multivitamin supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer (I statement).
• The USPSTF concludes the current evidence is insufficient for single or paired nutrient supplements other than beta carotene and vitamin E for CVD or cancer prevention (I statement).